Travel / Florida & The Florida Keys

For divers, the Sunshine State has it all.

Florida is known as a one of the top vacation destinations in the world, and this is especially true for scuba divers. With water surrounding the state on three sides and numerous freshwater springs in the interior, Florida offers a wealth of diverse diving sites as well as plenty of high-quality dive shops and operators. In a state famous for being home to Disney World, the waters off Florida’s more than 1,000 miles of coast are a veritable underwater theme park for divers of all types.

One of the main reasons Florida is so appealing to divers is due to its huge variety of different diving habitats. the Florida peninsula sits between the Gulf of Mexico to the west and the Atlantic to the east. Off both coasts, divers will find wreck dives, shore dives, pier dives, drift diving, and even treasure-hunting dives. Plus, running just offshore from South Florida down to the Keys lies North America’s only living coral reef, where divers will discover a huge abundance of marine life due to the warm Gulf Stream current that flows through the area. The state’s interior, particularly in Central and North-Central Florida, boasts hundreds of freshwater springs that are crystal clear and stay a warm 72 degrees year-round. Many of the springs are home to manatees, and some offer adventure seekers thrilling cave and cavern dives. And if that isn’t enough, the state’s southernmost coast is home to the world-renowned Florida Keys, a string of tropical islands, which are the most dived region in the state. 

The Keys
Paradise without passports is what this coral island chain is to American divers who flock to this unique destination, which has also beckoned pirates, poets and performing artists. Key Largo, Islamorada and Tavernier, Marathon, the Lower Keys and Key West - are five distinct regions that constitute what locals affectionately call the "Conch Republic," and all offer a great blend of wrecks and reefs. 

Key Largo
Paradise without passports is what this coral island chain is to American divers who flock to this unique destination, which has also beckoned pirates, poets and performing artists. Key Largo, Islamorada and Tavernier, Marathon, the Lower Keys and Key West - are five distinct regions that constitute what locals affectionately call the "Conch Republic," and all offer a great blend of wrecks and reefs.

Key Largo
The jumping-off spot for diving in the Keys, Key Largo is only an hour's drive from Miami's glitzy rush and has earned the title Dive Central USA. You want service? There are a plethora of dive shops to choose from. Selection? There are more easy-to-get-to and easy-to-dive reefs than anywhere else in the Keys, plus spectacular shipwrecks. Key Largo is the largest landmass in the Keys, a substantial barrier that prevents Florida Bay's turbid water from washing onto its offshore coral reefs. Plus, the Gulf Stream passes very near the island, bathing its reefs in spectacularly clear waters.

Islamorada & Tavernier
The fish found in the shallow flats surrounding this cluster of keys - mighty sailfish, voracious king mackerel, massive tarpon - are the stuff of legend for anglers who come here to do some serious fishing. But Islamorada also offers divers a chance to get on dive sites that are legendary. Departing from Tavernier Creek, dive boats head for sites in both directions, to the reefs at the southern edge of Key Largo and to sites south of Islamorada.

Marathon 
Viewing this community at 55 mph while rolling down the Overseas Highway does not do it justice - the trappings of suburbia hide the quiet beauty of the canals and beach on Marathon's seaward side. Sombrero Beach, in the heart of Marathon, is probably the best beach in the Keys. It's lightly visited, and a hidden jewel for any visitor to the Middle Keys. Bonus: Delta Airlines now offers regular service between Atlanta and the Florida Keys Airport in Marathon.

Lower Keys
The pace is a bit slower here than in much of the Upper Keys, and certainly more so than high-energy Key West. The diving on the extensive Looe Key reef system is among the best in all the Keys, and wreck aficionados will find plenty to love on the popular Adolphus Busch Sr. An added plus for visitors who like to chill: Bahia Honda State Park offers several gorgeous public beaches, a rarity between Marathon and Key West.

Key West
It's the end of the road, Mile Marker Zero, and for thousands of tourists, the sole reason to come to the Keys in the first place. Most visitors - bikers, hippies, artists, Parrotheads, even grandmothers - come for the fun that free-spirited Key West offers. But if you think diving is an afterthought here, think again. The reef system of the Western Sambo reserve, south of Boca Chica, serves as spawning and nursing grounds for marine life. The Upper Keys might get the lion's share of divers, but Key West diving should not be overlooked.

Dive In:
Weather: Temps are mild year-round with hot, humid summers and mid-winter lows in the 50s to 60s.
Average Water Temp: High 70s to low 80s in summer; low 70s in winter.
Average Vis: Typically averages 40 to 75 feet, with 100 feet on calm days, but wind and waves can reduce vis dramatically.
Travel Savvy: Drive the whole Overseas Highway for an ideal introduction to the Keys. You can fly into Miami or Key West and drive the length of the highway from either direction. 
Destination Links: www.fla-keys.com.

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Mainland Florida

For divers, the Sunshine State has it all. Florida's Panhandle and Gulf Coast is a seascape of wrecks, towers and ledges, all brimming with supersized fish. Just miles off some of the Panhandle's coast hundreds of ships and artificial reef structures dot the ocean floor. Off Florida's west coast, several coastal communities have enacted aggressive artificial reef programs, sinking everything from ships and barges to demolished bridge sections and decommissioned military vehicles - including the largest sunken warship in the world, the 904-foot U.S.S. Oriskany. Linked together by a netherworld of flooded caves, there are hundreds of springs flowing from the forest floor of north Florida. Here in the heart of what natives like to call "the real Florida," you're never far from a dozen or so of the best freshwater dives in the state. All you need are your wheels and dive gear. 

Off Florida's Atlantic coast you can sample the artificial reefs off the Jacksonville and St. Augustine area and Daytona Beach before wandering down I-95 to the Gold Coast-Palm Beach, Broward and Dade counties-where there is a world-class collection of both natural and artificial reefs.

Dive In:
Weather: Mild temperatures year-round in the south and more temperate north of Cape Canaveral. In winter, daytime temps can dip into the 40s in the north,
while anything below 50 degrees is unusual in the south. Summers are hot and humid throughout the state.
Average Water Temp: Upper 70s in summer, winter temps vary by location, from the low 70s in South Florida to mid-50s in the north. Water in the springs remains a constant 72 degrees year-round.
Average Visibility: Vis in the springs can be 150-feet-plus; ocean water clarity varies by season and location, ranging from 30 feet on a blustery winter day to more than 100 feet in mid-summer.
Travel Savvy: Free vacation guides are available on the Florida Tourism web site atwww.flausa.com/planning/guide.
Destination Links:  Florida Tourism Agency, www.flausa.com.

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